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SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF RETAINING WALL

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wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 16:56:14 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF
EARTH-RETAINING WALLS

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 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 16:57:23 | 显示全部楼层
In current engineering practice the design methods for earth retaining walls under seismic conditions
are mostly empirical. Dynamic earth pressures are calculated assuming prescribed seismic coefficient
acting in the horizontal and vertical directions using the concept of limit equilibrium Mononobe-
Okabe method. A research investigation has been undertaken to determine the dynamically-induced
lateral earth pressures on a flexible diaphragm wall, a flexible cantilever wall, and a gravity retaining
wall with cohesionless and cohesive backfills. Additionally, this report gives information about the
point of application of total and incremental dynamic forces, the deformation or displacement of the
wall and also the bending moment and shear force envelops for structural design of the wall. A series
of non-linear dynamic finite element numerical analyses have been performed using DIANA
(DIsplacement ANAlyzer). The analyses consisted of the incremental construction of the wall and
placement or excavation of the backfill, followed by dynamic response analyses, wherein the soil was
modelled as elasto-plastic. Particular attention has been devoted to ground excitation and
determination of the wall and soil model parameters. The results obtained with DIANA have been
compared through a series of benchmark tests with those determined using simplified techniques for
computing dynamic earth pressure, co-seismic and post-seismic wall displacements.
Keywords: Retaining

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 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 16:59:25 | 显示全部楼层
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................................... II
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................................................... III
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. VII
LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................................. XII
1. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................1
1.1 Purpose of the study ....................................................................................................................1
1.2 Motivation of the study................................................................................................................1
2. LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................................................5
2.1 Dynamic earth pressure computation ..........................................................................................5
2.2 Limit-state analysis......................................................................................................................8
2.2.1 Pseudo-static approaches....................................................................................................8
2.2.1.1 Mononobe-Okabe (1926,1929) .................................................................................8
2.2.1.2 Arango (1969) .........................................................................................................10
2.2.1.3 Choudhury (2002) ...................................................................................................12
2.2.1.4 Ortigosa (2005) .......................................................................................................18
2.2.2 Pseudo-dynamic approach................................................................................................19
2.2.2.1 Steedman-Zeng (1990)............................................................................................19
2.2.2.2 Choudhury-Nimbalkar (2005).................................................................................20
2.2.3 Displacement-based analysis............................................................................................22
2.2.3.1 Richards-Elms model ..............................................................................................22
2.2.4 Comparison of seismic earth pressure values computed using different approaches.......23
2.3 Closed form solutions using elastic or viscous elastic behaviour..............................................23
2.3.1 Wood (1973).....................................................................................................................23
2.3.2 Veletsos and Younan (1994) ............................................................................................24
2.4 Numerical analyses....................................................................................................................

鲜花(60) 鸡蛋(0)
 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:04:52 | 显示全部楼层
2.4.1 Al-Homoud and Whitman (1999).....................................................................................26
2.4.2 Green and Ebeling (2003) ................................................................................................27
2.4.3 Psarropoulos, Klonaris, and Gazetas (2005) ....................................................................28
3. TYPE OF RETAINING WALLS ANALYZED ...............................................................................31
3.1 Diaphragm wall-soil system ......................................................................................................31
3.2 Cantilever wall-soil system........................................................................................................32
3.3 Gravity wall-soil system............................................................................................................32
3.4 Properties of soil........................................................................................................................33
3.5 Properties of concrete ................................................................................................................34
4. SELECTION AND PROCESSING OF GROUND MOTION..........................................................35
4.1 Selection criteria ........................................................................................................................35
4.2 List of ground motion ................................................................................................................35
4.3 Characteristics of ground motion selected.................................................................................36
4.4 Processing of the selected ground motions................................................................................40
5. MODELLING ISSUES AND CHOICES..........................................................................................42
5.1 Finite element modeling of soil-structure system......................................................................42
5.1.1 Soil constitutive model .....................................................................................................42
5.1.1.1 Mohr-Coulomb........................................................................................................43
5.1.1.2 Pastor and Zienkiewicz(l986) [P-Z mark III model]...............................................44
5.1.1.3 HiSS soil model [Hierarchical single surface soil model].......................................45
5.1.1.4 Hyperbolic type Osaki model..................................................................................46
5.1.2 Boundaries.......................................................................................................................47
5.1.2.1 Elementary boundaries ............................................................................................48
5.1.2.2 Local or transmitting boundaries.............................................................................48
5.1.2.3 Consistent boundaries .............................................................................................50
5.1.3 Soil-structure interface .....................................................................................................50
5.1.4 Size of finite element mesh ..............................................................................................51
5.2 Overview of DIANA .................................................................................................................51
5.3 Numerical model .......................................................................................................................52
5.3.2 Details of diaphragm wall numerical model.....................................................................53
5.3.3 Details of cantilever wall numerical model......................................................................55
5.3.4 Details of gravity wall numerical model ..........................................................................58
5.3.5 Model parameters for soil.................................................................................................59
5.3.6 Model parameters for wall................................................................................................61
5.3.7 Interface element ..............................................................................................................61
5.3.8 Dimensions of finite element mesh ..................................................................................61
鲜花(60) 鸡蛋(0)
 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:05:21 | 显示全部楼层
5.3.9 Damping ...........................................................................................................................61
6. DIANA RESULTS AND DISCUSSION..........................................................................................63
6.1 Data simplification ....................................................................................................................63
6.1.1 Determination of forces assuming constant stress distribution ........................................63
6.1.2 Incremental dynamic forces .............................................................................................65
6.1.3 Reaction height of forces..................................................................................................65
6.1.4 Dynamic earth pressure coefficient ..................................................................................65
6.2 Presentation and discussion of simplified data ..........................................................................66
6.2.1 Phased analysis stress distribution....................................................................................66
6.2.2 Dynamic analysis stress distribution ................................................................................70
6.2.2.1 Pressure distribution along the diaphragm wall ......................................................70
6.2.2.2 Pressure distribution along the stem of the cantilever wall .....................................74
6.2.2.3 Pressure distribution along the height of the gravity wall .......................................76
6.2.3 Design lateral earth pressure coefficient and DIANA computed lateral earth pressure
coefficient .............................................................................................................................................77
6.2.3.1 Comparison of lateral earth pressure coefficients for diaphragm wall....................78
6.2.3.2 Comparison of lateral earth pressure coefficients for cantilever wall .....................81
6.2.3.3 Comparison of lateral earth pressure coefficients for gravity wall .........................83
6.2.4 Point of application of total dynamic forces and incremental dynamic forces.................85
6.2.4.1 Point of application of total dynamic forces for diaphragm wall ............................86
6.2.4.2 Point of application of total dynamic forces and incremental dynamic forces for
cantilever wall.......................................................................................................................................88
6.2.4.3 Point of application of total dynamic forces and incremental dynamic forces for
gravity wall ...........................................................................................................................................89
6.2.5 Deformation and displacement of the wall.......................................................................91
6.2.5.1 Deformation of diaphragm wall ..............................................................................92
6.2.5.2 Deformation of cantilever wall................................................................................94
6.2.5.3 Deformation of gravity wall ....................................................................................95
6.2.6 Bending moment and shear force .....................................................................................96
6.2.6.1 Bending moment and shear force envelop for diaphragm wall...............................96
7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ..............................................................................................104
7.1 Diaphragm wall .......................................................................................................................104
7.2 Cantilever wall.........................................................................................................................104
7.3 Gravity wall .............................................................................................................................105
7.4 Problems encountered in DIANA modelling...........................................................................105
7.4.1 Type of element and material constitutive model...........................................................105
鲜花(60) 鸡蛋(0)
 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:05:45 | 显示全部楼层
7.4.2 Interface element and transmitting boundary .................................................................106
REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................107
8. APPENDIX – A STATIC DESIGN OF DIAPHRAGM WALL .....................................................A1
9. APPENDIX – B STATIC DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL .............................. B1
10. APPENDIX – C DESIGN OF GRAVITY WALL......................................................................... C1
11. APPENNDIX – D ADDITIONAL RESULTS FROM DIANA ANALYSES...............................D1
12. APPENDIX – E DIANA COMMAND FILES ...............................................................................E1
鲜花(60) 鸡蛋(0)
 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:11:42 | 显示全部楼层
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Dissertation2007-Pathmanathan.part1.rar

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 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:15:04 | 显示全部楼层
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 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:29:19 | 显示全部楼层
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 楼主| wangjianping 发表于 2008-5-22 17:30:20 | 显示全部楼层
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klsamy77 发表于 2008-5-22 19:48:32 | 显示全部楼层
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123456 发表于 2008-5-28 09:46:22 | 显示全部楼层
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csx985 发表于 2008-5-29 00:16:27 | 显示全部楼层
这么多啊
谢谢
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walkingbug 发表于 2008-5-29 16:31:54 | 显示全部楼层
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bajinren 发表于 2008-10-25 17:48:07 | 显示全部楼层
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wwwzztlcom 发表于 2009-3-17 15:44:25 | 显示全部楼层
谢谢啊
这个太好了
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monchhichi 发表于 2009-5-27 19:19:07 | 显示全部楼层
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clzgps 发表于 2009-10-25 12:58:48 | 显示全部楼层
谢谢啊
这个是好东西
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shihexjtu 发表于 2010-1-15 16:43:22 | 显示全部楼层
好书,看看
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