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    英语名字的分类 Types of English Nouns

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    鲜花(280) 鸡蛋(4)
    ljmtidilgw 发表于 2012-10-6 23:15:58 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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    本帖最后由 ljmtidilgw 于 2012-10-6 23:26 编辑

    Nouns

    A noun is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing.

    Types of Nouns

    There are four kinds of nouns which are commonly used:

    • Proper Nounsroper Noun is the name of a particular person or place. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter.
      Examples : Sita, Rajesh, Delhi, Kanpur

    • Common Nouns:Common Noun is a name given in common to every person or thing of the group. Common nouns begin with a capital letter only if it is the first word of the sentence.
      Examples : Girl, Boy, City, Tiger

    • Collective Nouns:Collective Nouns are those nouns that denote a group of people, animals, objects, concepts or ideas as a single entity.
      Examples : Army of Soldiers, Class of Students, Crew of Sailors, Band of Musicians

    • Abstract Nouns: Abstract Noun is the name of a quality, action or state. You cannot see, hear, smell or taste an abstract noun.
      Examples : Kindness, Loyalty, Childhood, Sickness, Laughter



    List of Nouns, Noun Examples
    Actor
    Garden
    Oil
    Advertisement
    Gas
    Orange
    Afternoon
    Ghost
    Oxygen
    Airport
    Girl
    Oyster
    Ambulance
    Glass
    Painting
    Animal
    Gold
    Parrot
    Answer
    Grass
    Pencil
    Apple
    Greece
    Piano
    Army
    Guitar
    Pillow
    Australia
    Hair
    Pizza
    Balloon
    Hamburger
    Planet
    Banana
    Helicopter
    Plastic
    Battery
    Helmet
    Portugal
    Beach
    Holiday
    Potato
    Beard
    Honey
    Queen



    Candle
    Iron
    Rocket
    Car
    Island
    Room
    Caravan
    Jackal
    Rose
    Carpet
    Jelly
    Russia

    Crayon
    Kangaroo
    Shampoo
    Crowd
    King
    Shoe
    Daughter
    Kitchen
    Soccer
    Death
    Kite
    Spoon
    Denmark
    Knife
    Stone
    Diamond
    Lamp
    Sugar
    Dinner
    Lawyer
    Sweden
    Disease
    Leather
    Teacher
    Doctor
    Library
    Telephone
    Dog
    Lighter
    Television
    Dream
    Lion
    Tent
    Dress
    Lizard
    Thailand
    Easter
    Lock
    Tomato
    Egg
    London
    Toothbrush
    Eggplant
    Lunch
    Traffic
    Egypt
    Machine
    Train
    Elephant
    Magazine
    Truck
    Energy
    Magician
    Uganda
    Engine
    Manchester
    Umbrella
    England
    Market
    Van
    Evening
    Match
    Vase
    Eye
    Microphone
    Vegetable
    Family
    Monkey
    Vulture
    Finland
    Morning
    Wall
    Fish
    Motorcycle
    Whale
    Flag
    Nail
    Window
    Flower
    Napkin
    Wire
    Football
    Needle
    Xylophone
    Forest
    Nest
    Yacht
    Fountain
    Nigeria
    Yak
    France
    Night
    Zebra
    Furniture
    Notebook
    Zoo
    Garage
    Ocean

    Bed
    Horse
    Quill
    Belgium
    Hospital
    Rain
    Boy
    House
    Rainbow
    Branch
    Hydrogen
    Raincoat
    Breakfast
    Ice
    Refrigerator
    Brother
    Insect
    Restaurant
    Camera
    Insurance
    River




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    鲜花(280) 鸡蛋(4)
     楼主| ljmtidilgw 发表于 2012-10-6 23:27:01 | 显示全部楼层
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    (1) Collective Nouns

    Collective nouns are those nouns that denote a group of people, animals, objects, concepts or ideas as a single entity.

    These collective nouns are commonly used under the category of people.

    • A class of students.

    • An army of soldiers.

    • A choir of singers.

    • A crew of sailors.

    • A band of musicians.

    • A bunch of crooks.

    • A crowd of people/spectators.

    • A gang of thieves.

    • A group of dancers.

    • A team of players.

    • A troupe of artists/dancers.

    • A pack of thieves.

    • A staff of employees.

    • A regiment of soldiers.

    • A tribe of natives.

    • An audience of listeners.

    • A panel of experts.

    • A gang of labourers.

    • A flock of tourists.

    • A board of directors.


    The following collective nouns are used for animals.

    • A catch of fish.

    • An army of ants.

    • A flight of birds.

    • A flock of birds.

    • A haul of fish.

    • A flock of sheep.

    • A herd of deer/cattle/elephants/goats/buffaloes.

    • A hive of bees.

    • A litter of cubs.

    • A host of sparrows.

    • A team of horses.

    • A troop of lions.

    • A zoo of wild animals.

    • A pack of wolves.

    • A litter of puppies/kittens.

    • A swarm of bees/ants/rats/flies.

    • A team of horses/ducks/oxen.

    • A murder of crows.

    • A kennel of dogs.

    • A pack of hounds.


    The following collective nouns are used for things.

    • A group of islands.

    • A galaxy of stars.

    • A wad of notes.

    • A forest of trees.

    • A stack of wood.

    • A fleet of ships.

    • A string of pearls.

    • An album of stamps/autographs/photographs.

    • A hedge of bushes.

    • A library of books.

    • A basket of fruit.

    • A bowl of rice.

    • A pack of cards.

    • A pair of shoes.

    • A bouquet of flowers.

    • A bunch of keys.

    • A chest of drawers.

    • A pack of lies.

    • A range of mountains.

    • A cloud of dust.


    Collective nouns are endless and these are just a list of those used more often. As you continue to work on improving your English, you will stumble across many more. Be sure to add them to your list and use them as frequently as you can.

    { or ''}
    鲜花(280) 鸡蛋(4)
     楼主| ljmtidilgw 发表于 2012-10-6 23:27:49 | 显示全部楼层
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    (2) Using Nouns to Show Possession

    Possessive nouns are those nouns that show possession. Possessive Nouns are used to show ownership.

    A noun is possessive only when a phrase can be modified to say that an idea or commodity belongs to something or someone. Possessive nouns are an integral part of learning English, use them as often as you can to gain confidence.


    In the singular form, the possessive case is formed by adding 's to the noun.

    • The clothes of the girl.
      The girl’s clothes.   

    • The toys of the boy.
      The boy’s toys.

    • Mary goes to this school.
      This is Mary’s school.


    King’s castle, grandfather’s stick, my dog’s bowl and all of the above are formed by adding the 's.

    Modify the following sentences by using the apostrophe (') to show possession:

    The king’s servants.

    The computer’s cover.

    My phone’s charger.

    • The servants of the king.

    • Cover of the computer.

    • The charger of my phone.


    For certain words, instead of 's, only ' is used to avoid a hissing noise. Keep this is mind when using possessive nouns.

    Some examples would be:

    • Boss’ office.

    • Dr.Briuss’ house.

    • For goodness’ sake.


    There are two rules to follow in case the noun is in plural form.

    • If the noun ends in s then the possessive case is formed by adding the apostrophe
      E.g. the donkeys’ tail, the boys’ hostel, the cousins’ aunt.

    • If the noun does not end in s then the possessive case is formed by adding 's.
      E.g. the children’s park, the men’s room.


    It’s simple as long as you know the plural form of the noun. The plural form of ‘god’ will be ‘gods’ and so the apostrophe will be used after 's' (gods’). In case of nouns like ‘woman’, the plural form is ‘women’ and so the apostrophe followed by 's' will be utilized(women’s).

    Add the apostrophe in the following sentences.

    • Our cousins short uncle.                  (Apostrophe can be before or after 's')

    • Businessmens briefcase.                (Businessmen’s)

    • The ladies washroom.                     (Ladies’)


    Here are some more examples to show you other possible cases.

    • Alex and Philip’s shop. (Two nouns are used closely and showing joint possession; here, the apostrophe will be used with the second noun)

    • Shakespeare’s and Wordsworth’s works. (Two nouns are used together yet separate possession is implied thus the apostrophe is used with both nouns)



    { or ''}
    鲜花(280) 鸡蛋(4)
     楼主| ljmtidilgw 发表于 2012-10-6 23:28:12 | 显示全部楼层
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    (3) Nouns as Adjective

    Sometimes in the English language, a noun is used to describe another noun; in other words, the first noun performs the function of an adjective. Look at the following examples:

    Basketball coach – here the noun basketball is being used to describe the noun coach

    Garment shop – here the noun garment is being used to describe the noun shop

    Painting exhibition – here the noun painting is being used to describe the noun exhibition


    Note:

    • In general, like adjectives, nouns being used as adjectives are used in the singular form, although in the case of certain words, like clothes, customs, sports, etc, an exception is made.
    • Multiple nouns can also be used as adjectives, as in school cricket team coach.

    { or ''}
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